Electronegativity Calculator
Determine bond types based on electronegativity differences between elements
Compare Elements
2.20
Electronegativity
vs
3.44
Electronegativity
Or Enter Custom Values
Common Bond Examples
H-F
Polar Covalent
Na-Cl
Ionic
C-H
Nonpolar Covalent
O=O
Nonpolar Covalent
H-Cl
Polar Covalent
C=O
Polar Covalent
Bond Analysis
H
Hydrogen
EN = 2.20
ΔEN = 1.24
O
Oxygen
EN = 3.44
Polar Covalent Bond
Electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges
Electronegativity Difference:
1.24
Bond Character:
39% Ionic
Polarity:
Polar
Electron Sharing:
Unequal
Electronegativity Scale Guide
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Your Bond
What is Electronegativity?
Electronegativity is a measure of an atom’s ability to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond.
Pauling Scale: Most common scale (0.7 to 4.0)
Increases across a period (left to right)
Decreases down a group (top to bottom)
Fluorine is the most electronegative element (3.98)
Bond Types Explained
Nonpolar Covalent
ΔEN < 0.5
Equal electron sharing
Examples: H₂, O₂, Cl₂
Polar Covalent
0.5 ≤ ΔEN < 2.0
Unequal electron sharing
Examples: H₂O, HCl, NH₃
Ionic
ΔEN ≥ 2.0
Electron transfer
Examples: NaCl, KBr, CaO
Practical Applications
Molecular Polarity
Determines if molecules are polar or nonpolar
Solubility
Predicts solubility in different solvents
Reactivity
Indicates how atoms will interact in reactions
Bond Strength
Affects bond energy and stability
Common Element Electronegativities
Most Electronegative
F
Fluorine
3.98
O
Oxygen
3.44
N
Nitrogen
3.04
Cl
Chlorine
3.16
Moderate Electronegativity
C
Carbon
2.55
S
Sulfur
2.58
H
Hydrogen
2.20
P
Phosphorus
2.19
Least Electronegative
Na
Sodium
0.93
K
Potassium
0.82
Ca
Calcium
1.00
Mg
Magnesium
1.31